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We’ve been told since we were kids that we’ve gotta brush regularly to avoid cavities, and we were either rewarded after a dentist’s visit for not having any, or a severe voice reprimanded us when we did. Cavities are holes in teeth caused by tooth decay. They are the second-most common health disorder in the United States (the first is the common cold) and are very common worldwide.
Symptoms
Cavities vary in appearance and evolve over time. They typically look like dark spots, holes, or chips in teeth. They usually have a yellow, brown or black appearance and these can look like tiny dots or they can cover the entire tooth. Sometimes, it’s impossible to see a cavity with the naked eye when it starts forming. That’s why visiting a dentist regularly and having x-rays taken is so crucial. Your dentist can diagnose and treat cavities early before they get large enough to cause symptoms. In general, if you see a chalky white or a discolored spot on a tooth, or if you have a tooth that’s sensitive to cold, a cavity might be the cause. Having bad breath or a bad taste in your mouth are also symptoms of tooth decay taking place.
Causes
There are several things that can lead to tooth decay, and the most common causes are diet, oral hygiene practices and genetics. If you eat a lot of foods that are sticky, sugary, or starchy and drinks that are sugary or acidic, then you’re at risk for developing cavities. Also, if you don’t brush properly, don’t brush often enough or you don’t floss, then tooth decay is likely to develop. How do I know if my child has a cavity?
Children are at a higher risk of developing cavities even if they’re eating right and brushing well. That’s the reason why the dentist was so concerned when you were a kid. Bacteria in the mouths of children is more aggressive. Depending on the size and location, a cavity may not be visible to you in your child’s mouth. Cavities that are in between teeth or on the back surfaces can be difficult to see at home, but are easily seen with x-rays. If your child complains of a toothache or you see a hole, dark spot, or chip, you should come in right away.
